Zmluvná pokuta a náhrada škody v obchodnom práve. Contractual Penalty and Damages in Commercial Law. Prof. JUDr. Oľga Ovečková, DrSc., Institute of State and Law, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava Právny obzor, 107, 2024, No. 6, pp. 613 – 632 Published online: 2024 https://doi.org/10.31577/pravnyobzor.2024.6.04 Abstract. This article examines the legal relationship between contractual penalties and compensation for damages in commercial law. It explores how contracting parties can negotiate terms to determine liability and financial consequences in the event of contractual breaches. The study highlights key aspects of contractual freedom and the legal limitations on damage claims. A particular focus is given to the lump-sum nature of contractual penalties and their function as a risk-mitigation tool in business transactions. The article also discusses the enforceability of contractual penalty clauses in Slovak commercial law and their compatibility with broader principles of contractual justice. Key words: contractual penalty, compensation for damages, commercial law, contractual freedom, legal limitations
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ISSN 2729-9228 ISSN 0032-6984
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