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| T E O R E T I C K Ý Č A S O P I S P R E O T Á Z K Y Š T Á T U A P R Á V A |
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| T E O R E T I C K Ý Č A S O P I S P R E O T Á Z K Y Š T Á T U A P R Á V A |
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Zmluvná pokuta v obchodnom práve – predpoklady a podmienky moderácie. Contractual penalty in commercial law - presumptions and conditions of the moderation. Prof. JUDr. Oľga Ovečková, DrSc., Ústav štátu a práva SAV, v. v. i., Bratislava Právny obzor, 107, 2024, No. 2, pp. 121 – 139. Published online: 20.10.2023 https://doi.org/10.31577/pravnyobzor.2024.2.03 Abstract. The paper emphasizes a comprehensive approach to the solution of moderation right, while considering the essence and purpose of moderation right as the decisive criterion. On this basis, it shows new approaches and formulates solutions to the following disputable issues. a) The increasing importance of the functions of the contractual penalty in the examination of the preconditions of moderation right. b) The multi-criteria approach which takes into account all the relevant circumstances of a particular case given at all the stages of time of the origin and existence of the contractual penalty. c) The definition of the subject of the moderation right as the existing specific claim of the amount of the contractual penalty and not as the amount of its negotiation. d) The conditionality of the judicial moderation upon the debtor’s motion. The paper confronts both the state of the law de lege lata and de lege ferenda as well as the approach of the courts’ jurisprudence to the above-mentioned issues. Key words: contractual penalty, moderation right, functions of contractual penalty, claim
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ISSN 2729-9228 ISSN 0032-6984
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